Modern medicine offers a whole range of methods that help detect lung cancer even when there are no outward signs yet.
1. Chest X-ray
The simplest and most accessible method for the initial examination of the lungs. It can reveal suspicious lesions, inflammation or other changes in the lung tissue.
It has limitations: small tumors or lesions in areas that are difficult to image may go unnoticed, so additional tests are ordered if a problem is suspected.
2. Computed tomography (CT)
Produces cross-sectional images of the lungs and can detect even very small tumors. Spiral CT, which quickly obtains detailed high-resolution images, is especially informative.
3. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT)
Recommended for people at high risk of lung cancer:
smokers who have smoked for more than 20 years;
former smokers who quit no more than 15 years ago;
people with a family history of the disease.
LDCT uses a lower radiation dose but provides an image clear enough to detect tumors at early stages.
4. Bronchoscopy
An endoscopic method in which a thin, flexible tube with a camera (bronchoscope) is passed through the nose or mouth into the airways. It allows the doctor to directly examine the bronchi and trachea, find a tumor and take tissue or mucus samples for analysis.
5. Biopsy
The only method that can confirm the diagnosis with certainty. A tissue sample is obtained during bronchoscopy, a percutaneous needle biopsy or surgery. Laboratory analysis determines the type of tumor and helps choose the best treatment.
6. Laboratory tests
Blood tests, including tumor markers, do not replace instrumental methods, but they provide additional information about the patient’s condition and how well treatment is working.
📍 The Sumy Regional Clinical Oncology Center offers a full range of diagnostic tests and provides qualified care to patients with suspected lung cancer.